Actual theme: The course «History of Our Region» at school
A.R. Demidova, I.P. Nasonova, V.Yu. Orlyanovsky. On the Prospects for Implementing the Module «History of the Native Region» in a Con-temporary School.
This article addresses a number of aspects relating to the prospects for implementing the new module «History of the Native Region» in contemporary Russian schools. It defines the purpose of the course, examines the reasons that led to its introduction, and analyses the specific features of its implementation within the broader context of school historical education.
Keywords: historical education in schools, local studies, regional history, local history, history of the Native Region, historical and cultural heritage.
S.V. Lyubichankovsky, V.G. Petrovich. Small homeland in a school textbook: didactic strategies and the formation of a historical image of the region.
This article provides a comparative analysis of new educational and methodological kits (EMKs) on historical local history for grades V-VII in comprehensive schools in the Saratov and Orenburg regions. It is determined that the key objectives of modern local history courses are to develop systemic knowledge, foster patriotism through the lens of the small homeland, and develop students’ critical thinking. It is concluded that the analyzed EMKs have high didactic and social significance.
Keywords: historical local history, educational and methodological complex, Saratov region, Orenburg region, regional history, Federal State Educational Standard, patriotic education, history teaching methods.
L.P. Muromtseva, V.B. Perkhavko. Moscow has always retained its metropolitan character: to help teachers of Moscow studies courses.
The article describes the political, cultural, and religious role of Moscow in the Russian Empire based on a wide range of written sources, journalistic works, and literary pieces. The authors conclude that Moscow has always retained the characteristics of a capital city.
Keywords: Moscow, statehood, polycentrism, capital city.
History and Society
I.S. Mokshina, M.D. Kolesnikova. Textile entrepreneurs and medical charity in Russia (late 19th — early 20th centuries).
The article examines the domestic experience of charitable activities of textile entrepreneurs at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries, reveals the main features of medical and wellness charity, which contributed to maintaining stability in society, the development of humanistic relations, and played a significant role in the life of Russian society as a whole.
Keywords: Russia, charity, charity work, medicine, donations, merchants.
E.E. Bakalyar. Breach the gap: diplomatic efforts of Soviet Russia in 1919-1921 for international recognition by European states.
The article is devoted to the analysis of changes in the international situation of Soviet Russia in 1919-1921. The article examines the key stages of the formation of the foreign policy line of the young Soviet state, including the process of overcoming international isolation and strengthening relations with the leading European powers. Special attention is paid to the implementation of Lenin’s concept of peaceful coexistence with capitalist states, as well as issues of diplomatic interaction with the European states formed after the collapse of the Russian Empire, which became the closest neighbors of the RSFSR: Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Finland. The author analyzes the mechanisms for reaching compromises used by the Soviet side during the negotiation processes, in particular, the strategy of «aximum compliance» and the use of contradictions among European countries. The article examines the success factors of Soviet diplomacy during this period, among which flexibility of approaches, pragmatism and the ability to combine ideological principles with practical expediency stand out. The author substantiates the conclusion about the significant contribution of diplomatic efforts to the end of the civil war and the creation of the basis for the subsequent strengthening of the international position of Soviet Russia.
Keywords: the First World War, Civil War, Paris Peace Conference, the principle of peaceful coexistence, overcoming international isolation, trade agreements, de facto diplomatic recognition.
E.B. Bespyatova. «Fuel of Salvation»: The Role of the Peat Industry in the Implementation of the GOELRO Plan.
The story of overcoming the fuel crisis in Soviet Russia in the 1920s is closely intertwined with the world’s first experience of integrated planning, which was embodied in the formation of Russia’s fuel and energy complex. In implementing the GOELRO plan, the Soviet government, focusing on the electrification of industry and transport, chose peat as a cheap fuel with the lowest extraction costs. The relevance of this topic lies in the practical significance of the experience of «achieving the greatest results at the lowest cost», which resonates with today’s government calls for increased economic efficiency through cost reduction. The primary method of this study is the historical-genetic approach, which helped identify cause-and-effect relationships in the formation of the Soviet state’s economic policy under the extraordinary conditions of economic isolation and economic collapse.
Keywords: GOELRO plan, fuel crisis, peat industry.
A.O. Aksenichev. Zeitenwende 2.0: Friedrich Merz and the development of German-French relations
The article examines the historical trajectory of the relationship between Germany and France, from confrontation to an integration tandem. The primary focus is on the period from 2021 to 2026, marked by the accumulation of disagreements during the chancellorship of Olaf Scholz and attempts to «reset» the alliance following the election of Friedrich Merz in 2025. The analysis covers the current state and dynamics of the strategic partnership between France and Germany, identifies key points of convergence and divergence in their approaches to European integration, security, economics, and foreign policy, and assesses the impact of the change of power in Berlin on the balance within the tandem. In conclusion, the conducted research indicates the emergence of a new asymmetry within the Franco-German tandem. Initiative and political momentum are shifting towards Berlin, facilitated by Merz’s assertive, pragmatic course and the strengthening of Germany’s economy and political will. Simultaneously, France’s position is weakened by internal problems (record national debt, lobbyist pressure), which limit Paris’s capabilities. The study’s conclusion shows that the model of equal leadership is faltering, and the future of the alliance will depend on the ability of future French leadership to restore parity or on the consolidation of this new asymmetric reality within the EU.
Keywords: Germany, France, European Union, Europe, domestic policy, foreign policy.
Methodic
A.D. Guzeev. The prosopographic method and historical science: the basics of integration into the modern system of historical education in high school.
The author of the article reveals the essence of prosopography and uses specific examples to show how the prosopographic method is used in the works of contemporary Russian historians. Thanks to him and digital technologies, the «history of man and humanity» is gaining new characters and previously unknown stories, exploring new types of sources and methods of their study, and opening up new perspectives for historical research and its integration with related humanities disciplines. Prosopography is already included in the training programs for future historians. The agenda includes the inclusion of prosopography methods in the historical education of high school students.
Keywords: prosopography, prosopographic method, historical science, historical education of schoolchildren, the value of scientific knowledge, methodological foundations of studying history at school.
I.M. Tarabukin. The problem of using gaming practices by a history teacher: the gap between didactic games and modern gaming culture.
This article examines the gap between gaming culture and the gaming techniques of Russian teaching methods. This gap emerged in the late 20th century due to the accelerated development of the Russian gaming industry, the penetration of foreign gaming solutions, and the emergence of new game formats and genres. At the same time, the Russian academic and methodological community failed to keep pace with the increasing pace of innovation in gaming culture, leading to a gradual decline in practical (teaching) and research interest in a key Russian gaming practice — didactic play. This article attempts to identify the key problems that have arisen in Russian gaming methods due to this gap with gaming culture and to identify the main factors hindering the development of gaming approaches in history education.
Keywords: didactic games, gaming culture, game pedagogy, historical education, history lesson.
A.V. Cherepanov. Letters as a historical source in history lessons: an experience of source analysis within the framework of microhistorical research.
In this article, it is proposed to use letters in history lessons as the most important historical source. A letter from a Red Army doctor from Gryazovets is given as an example. The everyday details mentioned in the letter allow us to classify this letter as sources reflecting historical everyday life. The proposed approach is evaluated from the point of view of microhistory, a modern and promising area of historical research.
Keywords: historical source, family archive, Red Army, history of everyday life, microhistory.
Young scientists’ works
I.A. Borisov. The Statistical atlas of Moscow as a visual tool for understanding the availability of housing and public utilities at the turn of the 20th century.
This article analyses the «Statistical Atlas of Moscow» as a visual historical source on the history of the city’s housing conditions in the late 19th century. Existing methodological approaches to it’s interpretation are discussed. Using cartograms and diagrams from the Atlas’s second edition, a spatial picture of housing distribution across the city is reconstructed, including parameters such as number of storeys, capacity and density of housing stock, availability of utilities and population density.
Keywords: Russian Empire, Moscow, historical urban studies, public utilities, historical sources, cartography.
A.V. Vorobev. Military Censorship and the Periodical Press in the Caucasus During World War I (1914-1916).
This article examines the issues and forms of interaction between military censorship and the periodical press in the Caucasus Military District from 1914 to 1916. It establishes that the dynamics of these relationships developed along a trajectory of escalation and mounting tension. The study demonstrates that strict control imposed by the military censorship apparatus led to systematic conflicts with the editorial boards of periodicals. Consequently, to protect their interests, press representatives were compelled to appeal for assistance to higher authorities and deputies of the State Duma. The research shows that the censors’ actions also impacted the local civil administration, thereby provoking interdepartmental friction. Furthermore, the article reveals precedents of military censors interceding on behalf of newspapers and magazines, shielding the regional press from unfounded accusations.
Keywords: World War I, Military Censorship, Periodical Press, Interethnic Relations, Caucasus Military District, State Duma, Russian Empire.
D.L. Kobozeva. The textile industry of the Soviet Union in the pre-war period and at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War (January 1939 — November 1941).
This article is devoted to the study of the state of the textile industry of the Soviet Union and the processes occurring in it during the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War. It examines the difficulties faced by the industry in the context of the dramatic military events on the front line in the first months of the military confrontation between the Red Army and the troops of Nazi Germany. Special place in the article is given to the study of the first wave of evacuation of textile enterprises from western regions of the USSR to the eastern part of the country. In the article, a significant place is covered by the activities of the deputy chairman of the Soviet Council and the deputy chairman of the Evacuation Council A.N. Kosygin. In preparing the article, the author used previously classified materials of central state archives.
Keywords: The Great Patriotic War, the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR, the People’s Commissariat of the textile industry of the USSR, enterprises, textile factories, evacuation, machines.
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