Actual theme: Holocaust remembrance Day in terms of educational work
I.A. Altman. Declarations, addresses and statements of the Allies in 1941-1944 as a source on the Holocaust.
The author analyzes the joint declaration of the Allies and special statements of the Soviet leadership about the Holocaust, which reflect the Soviet politics of memory: from the separation of Jews into a special category of victims to the designation of them as «Soviet citizens».
Keywords: allies, statements, declarations, Babi Yar, Holocaust, lawsuits, informburo NKID.
S.A. Tikhankina. Why is it important to remember the liberation of Auschwitz?
The author discusses the need to preserve the memory of Auschwitz and its liberation, clarifies the terms concentration camp and «extermination center», and clarifies the texts of the Russian history textbook for grade 10.
Key words: concentration camp, «extermination center», liberation, prisoners, Auschwitz, Auschwitz, Holocaust, history textbook.
L. Sherman. Testimonies of members of the Sonderkommando as a source about the spiritual life of prisoners of Auschwitz-Birkenau.
This article is devoted to the questions to the analysis of manuscripts of members of the Sondercommando at Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp, known as the «Scrolls from the Ashes». The problems of questioning the authorship and the circumstances of the creation of these sources are considered potential of the information about the activities of Auschwitz-Birkenau and the situation of Jewish prisoners there is assessed. The role of recording the daily life of prisoners, their religious beliefs and religion practices is shown as an example of the spiritual resistance to the Holocaust, the preservation of a nation and the human dignity in the most tragic circumstances.
Keywords: «Scrolls from the Ashes», Holocaust, camp, Auschwitz-Birkenau, sondercommando, daily life, spiritual life.
History and Society
V.N. Gorokhov, V.V. Inviyaeva. Czechoslovak crisis and Munich Conference of 1938.
The article analyzes Czechoslovak crisis and Munich conference of 29–30 September 1938. Particular attention is paid to the position the Western democracies and the USSR.
Keywords: international relations, Versailles-Washington system, foreign policy, Czechoslovakia, Great Britain, France, Germany.
N.S. Bylova. Experience in the reconstruction of sociocultural space based on materials from the personal archival collection of the Moscow City Duma member N.P. Vishnyakova (1844–1927)
The article is devoted to the problems of reconstruction of images of the old pre-reform Moscow based on the materials of N.P. Vishnyakov’s ego documents. Reading the sources allows you to look at Moscow at the turn of the 1840s and 1850s through the eyes of a representative of a well-known merchant family, the oldest vowel of the Moscow city duma.
Keywords: Moscow, Moscow studies, sociocultural approach, ego-documents, sources of private origin, N.P. Vishnyakov.
A.K. Bulgynbaeva. Social portrait of the elite group «bai» in traditional Kazakh society and its liquidation during the establishment of Soviet power.
The article attempts to study the social portrait of the elite group «bais» in the traditional Kazakh society. The role of the «bais» in the tribal system, their place in the socio-political structure, influence on the socio-economic situation of the Kazakhs is characterized. Also the radical change in the social structure of Kazakh society in the 1920s and 1930s is shown in this work. It has been demonstrated how these changes have affected the Kazakh national traditions, way of life, culture. The processes of discrimination and marginalization (disenfranchisement, confiscation, deportation, repression) of «bais» in the 1920s and 1930s are widely analyzed.
Keywords: Kazakhstan, Kazakh society, traditional society, tribal system, «bais», collectivization, disenfranchisement, dispossession, repression, resettlement.
A.N. Rodionov. Some aspects of L.D. Trotsky’s activities to strengthen a feeling of patriotism in the ranks оf the Red Army during the Civil war.
This article proposes to examine the role of L.D. Trotsky, as a major political leader — a member of the highest state authorities, in strengthening the sense of patriotism in the Red Army and Navy of the young Soviet Republic during the Civil War. The essays from the national history, as well as the history of the Russian abroad, bibliographic the contribution of L.D. Trotsky to the defense of Petrograd in 1919, to the construction of the Red Army, as well as his direct participation in the development of military operations of the USSR are considered in general terms. The role and significance of L.D. Trotsky in the formation of the military potential and national unity of Soviet Russia in the difficult times of military conflict is shown.
Keywords: patriotism, education, civil war, L.D. Trotsky, Red army, military construction.
S.V. Ermolenko. The main conditions and factors affecting the training of military specialists of the armed forces of foreign states in the military educational institutions of the USSR during 1949-1985.
In the article the author summarized and analyzed the conditions and factors that influenced the training of military specialists of the armed forces of foreign states in the military educational institutions of the USSR in the period of 1949-1985, including changes in the organizational and legal foundations of the process of their training in military educational institutions of the USSR, the development of views on armed struggle and the improvement of the military pedagogical school of training in higher military-educational institutions of the USSR in the course of 1949-1985.
Keywords: conditions and factors of officers training; improving the quality of training; foreign military personnel; teachers; military educational institutions of the USSR; teaching efficiency; pedagogical skills; the Russian language.
Methodic
A.Yu. Morozov. Why I could have become, but did not become, the author of new state history textbooks.
A textbook is a tool for organizing educational activities on working with historical information (mainly in the classroom). The main recipient of the textbook is the teacher, he is responsible for organizing educational activities. The educational text required for such activities must have a set of specific characteristics, and the methodological apparatus must determine the design and logic of this text, as well as contain tools that allow the teacher and students to organize joint work with the educational text. None of this was provided for when organizing work on new state textbooks, and the author’s attempts to insist on the implementation of these principles ended in his expulsion.
Keywords: textbooks, educational activity.
P.A. Pushkov. Unified State Exam as a Problem.
The article is devoted to the problem of the unified state exam and its impact on the system of school history education. The need to revise the core content of the curriculum in the direction of interdisciplinarity, intensive study of a limited range of actual problems to form a relevant optics of perception of the past is substantiated.
Keywords: Unified state exam, school curriculum for history, interdisciplinary approach.
J.V. Druzhinina, E.F. Bekhtenova. «A living link of times and generations»: addressing the main church of the armed forces of the Russian Federation in the study of the history of the great patriotic war at school.
The authors of the article offer variants of organisation of cognitive activity of pupils with the materials of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation when studying the history of the Great Patriotic War at school, which is especially relevant in modern realities. The developed methodological materials based on the visual series of the temple complex can be used by teachers in history lessons, extracurricular activities, in preparing students for history Olympiads. In addition, the proposed tasks can become the basis for project activities of schoolchildren and student research. It is concluded that the developed tasks based on the materials of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are aimed at updating the knowledge of schoolchildren about the events of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War, are designed to arouse cognitive interest of students in the events of the Great Patriotic War and the contribution of the Soviet people to the victory over fascism. The proposed questions and tasks can contribute to the development of pupils’ personal, meta-and subject-specific historical skills.
Keywords: history, teaching methodology, Great Patriotic War, the Main Temple of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Uniform State Exam
R.V. Pazin. Thematic tests for the section «Society».
The publication contains thematic assignments for the section «Society» of the 10th grade social studies course.
Keywords: social studies, tests, Uniform State Exam.
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