Actual theme: Year of the teacher and mentor
O.Y. Kazakova, A.M. Korolev. «Tired Man with Glasses»: reconstruction of the image of a teacher of history of a pre-revolutionary provincial gymnasium.
The article is devoted to the reconstruction of the image of a provincial teacher of history of a pre-revolutionary gymnasium based on historical and artistic sources. The author identifies markers (facts, locations, characteristics) that allow identifying artistic characters, the prototype of which was the teacher of history of the Orel men’s gymnasium N.I. Gorshechnikov (1851-1908).
Keywords: provincial gymnasium, teacher of history, artistic image, reconstruction.
I.A. Altman, S.A. Tikhankina. The fate of educators in the Holocaust: destruction, resistance, salvation.
The authors examine the history of the destruction and resistance of one specific people through the fate of university teachers and school teachers. They analyze the fate of teachers during the Holocaust and their role in destruction, resistance and salvation, reveal the features of the work of schools in the occupied territories.
Keywords: Holocaust, pedagogue, teacher, education system, school, salvation, destruction, resistance.
A.M. Rybakov, T.A. Tereshonok. Historical experience of military and patriotic education of youth in Russia.
The article is devoted to the problem of military-patriotic education of the younger generation, which is relevant at all times, the prerequisites and chronology of the formation of this process are disclosed. The main attention is paid to the attitude of the country’s leadership and the specifics in the field of educating young people in the spirit of patriotism at different times.
Keywords: education, patriotism, military-patriotic education, youth, scouting, pioneer, history.
History and Society
V.L. Danoyan. State legislative activity in the field of urban public administration in 1796-1825.
The article studies the state activities aimed at reforming the bodies of urban public administration during the reign of Emperor Paul I and his son Alexander I.
Keywords: urban public administration, legislation, city council, estates, reforms, ratgauses, town councils, town board, complete collection of laws of the Russian empire, Paul I, Alexander I.
O.Yu. Repukhova. Territorial «redistribution» in the limitrophic zone of Russia / USSR in the pre-war years in school textbooks of neighboring countries.
The article analyzes the content of school textbooks published in Belarus and Ukraine in the 1990s — 2000s, about the history of the territorial «redistribution» in the limitrophic zone of Russia/USSR at the turn of the 1930s — 1940s. Conclusions were made about the methods of distortion of historical reality applied by the authors, and the main trends in approaches to the content of textbooks.
Keywords: school textbooks, Belarus, Ukraine, territorial redistribution, limitrophic zone, pre-war years.
A.V. Kovalev. The significance and place of general history in the school history course.
The article examines the importance and place of general history in the school history course. The author focuses on the problems of studying general history in the context of the state final certification.
Keywords: general history, history of Russia, the state final certification, unified state exam, history studying.
Methodic
O.Y. Strelova. You may not be a poet, but … you must be creative.
The author of the article, using specific examples, explains the difference between creative tasks and tasks for the formation of creative thinking in school history courses. The latter are characterized as «new literacy», expanding the content of functional literacy and its ability to respond to the challenges of the modern world, contributing to the spiritual and moral development of schoolchildren. Different ways of integrating assignments for the formation of creative thinking into school lessons and extracurricular activities in history (projects, competitions, history weeks, etc.) are shown.
Keywords: BANI-world, functional literacy, creative thinking, task formation and diagnosis of creative thinking model.
J.V. Druzhinina, E.F. Bekhtenova.«Space style» or «The ideal woman lives on another planet»: exploring the influence of the initial period of space exploration on 1960s European fashion in a school history course.
The authors of this article turn to the study of the history of world fashion when organising cognitive activities for schoolchildren in history. Examines the impact of developments in science and technology and the first manned space flight on the fashion of the 1960s. In history lessons, it is suggested that images of the dress designs of the fashion houses of Europe and the leading couturiers of the time be used as historical sources to explore the impact of space exploration on daily human life, fashion, the development of light industry and the economy. It offers options for organizing cognitive activities for schoolchildren with texts, photos of dress models and costumes from collections devoted to the space theme, questions and tasks for research and project activities. The importance of referring to clothing as a historical source in the study of history is concluded.
Keywords: space exploration, space style in fashion, historical source, modern history lesson, history teaching methodology.
V.S. Merkurieva, T.P. Fedyanina. Work with historical painting in the history lesson and in preparation for the Uniform State exam.
The authors talk about issues related to the relevance and expediency of using visual materials in history lessons. The authors analyze the experience of working with images accumulated by the leading methodologists of our country. The authors conclude that the use of methodological techniques for working with historical painting will allow students to form an attitude to historical events and figures of various eras. The authors give recommendations on the inclusion of individual paintings in the educational process and the use of images in preparation for the history exam.
Keywords: method, image, picture, history.
Uniform State Exam
O.A. Mikhailova. Analysis of task 12 of the OGE-2023 in social studies.
This article characterizes the type of task with a detailed answer — task No. 12, used in KIM OGE-2023 in social studies, the criteria for evaluating the performance of a task with a detailed answer, provides examples of evaluating the task and provides comments explaining the mark.
Keywords: social science, OGE, advanced level task.
Young scientists’ works
Marouf Reem. Economy of Mesopotamia from the Neolithic Age to the Iron Age.
The purpose of this article is to describe the Mesopotamian economy in the Neolithic and its development in the Iron Age. The article deals with the geographical features of the region and its economic development on the basis of archeology. This article is based on scientific works in Russian and Arabic. The work reflects the most significant aspects of the region’s economy, such as agriculture, animal husbandry and crafts.
Keywords: Mesopotamian economy in the Neolithic, Mesopotamian economy in the Iron Age, domestication of animals in Mesopotamia, emergence of agriculture in Iraq, production in Mesopotamia, emergence of trade in Mesopotamia.
M.L. Gerasimov. The role of Ioannis Kapodistrias in the restoration of Greece after the Greek Revolution of 1821-1829.
Greek Revolution 1821-1827 is one of the most important stages in the history of Greece. In this process, a Russian diplomat and statesman, later the first president of independent Greece, Ioannis Kapodistrias, played a significant role. Despite being the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire, Kapodistrias did his best to help his homeland, maintaining a balance between the interests of Russia and Greece. His efforts to restore Greece, which laid the foundation for the Greek state system, require special attention.
Keywords: Ioannis Kapodistrias, Alexander I, Greek Revolution, diplomat, Russian Empire.
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