Journal’s content № 2 2023

Actual theme: History textbook: the influence of society and the state

E.E. Vyazemskiy, T.M. Kadzoeva. History textbooks for schools and pedagogical universities in the Digital Age: the search for a promising model in the context of state educational policy.
The authors of the article consider history textbooks for schools and pedagogical universities in the digital age. The aim of the authors is to define the contours of a promising model of a history textbook in the context of state educational policy. The authors of the article formulate the key trend of state policy to reduce the variability of the content of general historical education. The authors explain the logic of replacing the approximate basic educational programs with unified federal programs. The article attempts to show the general direction of the development of the digital educational environment in educational organizations and the resulting impact on the electronic form of textbooks.
Keywords: federal law «On education in the Russian Federation», a promising model of a history textbook in the context of state educational policy; digital educational environment; classical textbook and electronic textbook form; digital educational resources and technologies.

V.V. Goncharov, O.A. Ubeeva. Can school textbooks be a barometer of public sentiment? On the question of new directions of educational media research.
The areas of study of school textbooks, and in a broad sense — educational media, have been experiencing in recent years not only a change in technical and methodological tools, but also moving into the plane of political and social sciences. Supporters of the «academic» approach continue to search for methods to improve the effectiveness of the use of textbooks in the educational process. The participants of the «think tanks» — supporters of the «interdisciplinary» approach consider them as channels of communication with young people and platforms for the dissemination of political attitudes, involving electronic educational resources, distance learning courses, auxiliary digital evaluation tools, and «analog» textbooks familiar to us within the framework of the concept of «educational media».
Keywords: center for European policy analysis, think tanks, textbook studies, history teaching.

History and Society

A.B. Sokolov. L.S. Vygotsky and learning school history.
L.S. Vygotsky is a very well-known psychologist in the West. This article shows: his concept of «Zone of Proximal Development» is fundamental for the model of teaching history in which accent is made not on reproduction of historical information, but on historical thinking. The author shows what parts of the conception of Vygotsky are in demand in teaching history, already in primary school, among them: the role of language in the development of children’s thinking, learning as process of social interaction, and others. Author explains why the views of Vygotsky became broadly popular in the western countries in 1960-1970-s, and since that time serve as foundation of the new paradigm of school history teaching.
Keywords: Vygotsky, children thinking, zone of proximal development, social interaction, school history education.

S.E. Lazarev. «We lived under communism without realizing it». How former schoolchildren and students perceive today Brezhnev era.
The author of this article, dedicated to the Brezhnev era in the history of the USSR, carried out a survey of eyewitnesses of that time — former schoolchildren and students, and now responsible workers in various spheres of life and pensioners. It follows from the results of the survey that all respondents received in 1964-1982 excellent education, nostalgic for their childhood, friendship at school, pioneer and Komsomol youth. Despite the recognition that certain mistakes were made by the country’s leadership in those years, the majority of respondents believe that the collapse of the Soviet Union was not yet a foregone conclusion, and call Brezhnev’s time «golden».
Keywords: Brezhnev era, the Constitution of the USSR in 1977, education, the first spacewalk, the Soviet state, school.

M.V. Semikolenov. The problem of land ownership in the views of the peasants and the government in the XVIII-XIX centuries
The institution of private ownership of land has gone a long way of evolution in Russia. For the first time the concept of private property was introduced by Catherine II in 1761. Land relations were regulated by the norms of customary law and depended on the labor invested in the land. After cultivating the land and putting labor into it, the peasants considered the land their property. After the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the land did not become the property of peasants, the decree of November 24, 1866 extended the possibility of obtaining private ownership of land to the peasants of European Russia, but the decree did not apply to Siberian peasants due to the non-apparition of land in the knowledge. For a long time, an aggressive form of land use prevailed in Siberia. Subsequent legislation finally secured the ownership of land to the state.
Keywords: peasants, property, land, Siberia, customary law, forms of land use, social thought.

Methodic

A.S. Dikun, T.A. Dikun. The integrated lesson of history and literature based on a poem «Requiem» by A.A. Akhmatova (the guidance paper of the technology «Pedagogical workshop»).
The guidance paper is an integrated lesson of history and literature. Through the study of materials about the period of 1930-1940s XX century and the poem «Requiem» by A.A. Akhmatova a holistic picture of the relationship between the fate of the country and the fate of an individual creative personality is compiled.
Keywords: state socialism, Stalinist repressions, Yezhov terror, the fate and oeuvre of A. Akhmatova, the poem «Requiem».

E.K. Kalutskaya, V.V. Ossin. Features of studying the section «Legal regulation of public relations in the Russian Federation» at social studies lessons in secondary school.
The changes taking place in the education system lead to the need to change approaches to the study of such an important section of social studies as Law. Analysis of the differences between the study of law in primary and secondary schools. Methodological recommendations on the selection of methods and means of legal education.
Keywords: law, FGOS SOO, infographics, comics, practice-oriented approach.

Uniform State Exam

V.P. Kiselyov. Workshop on procedural law in preparation for the exam.
This workshop is dedicated to consolidating theoretical knowledge of procedural law to the extent necessary for general education, as well as developing skills tested at the Unified State Exam.
Keywords: procedural law, Uniform State Exam, training.

R.V. Pazin, P.A. Ushakov. Cartographic practicum on the history of Russia: the reign of Alexander III.
The article presents the set of tasks for working with maps and schemes.
Keywords: Uniform State Exam, maps and schemes, interdisciplinary connections.

Young scientists’ works

V.V. Cheremuchin. «Free city»: will and power in the rebel city of Nestor Makhno.
The article deals with the problem of the evolution of the concept of «free city» in the conditions of the Russian Revolution and the Civil War in Russia in 1917-1922. Based on a wide range of sources, the concept of a «free city» is reconstructed, which was used by the anarchist movement led by N.I. Makhno, the characteristic features of the relationship between power and society in the conditions of the urban space of a rebel city are determined.
Keywords: Civil war in Russia, N.I. Makhno, anarchists, «free territory», «free city», rebel movement.

Y.A. Garkushenko. Andres Nin and Leon Trotsky: from cooperation to rupture.
The article is dedicated to the clash of political views of the leader of the Spanish left opposition and the head of the International Left Opposition — A. Nin and L. Trotsky. The cooperation that originated in the early 1920s between the revolutionaries eventually led to their divergence on key issues of the revolutionary struggle in Spain and to the creation by A. Nin an independent of the International left opposition party — the Workers’ Party of Marxist Unity, which during the Spanish Civil War was accused by official communist forces of links with trotskyism and fascism and was defeated.
Keywords: internal party struggle, Andres Nin, Trotskyism, International left opposition, left opposition in Spain, Comintern, Spanish Civil War.

P.M. Seliverstova. The military and political career of Frederick the Great’s brothers.
The article deals with the participation of the princes of the House of Hohenzollern in Friedrich II’s military campaigns and diplomatic contacts with foreign powers. The fate of the Prussian king’s relatives reveals the contradictory aspects of Friedrich’s character, and also allows us to analyse the successes and failures of Prussian foreign policy in the 18th century.
Keywords: Modern history, foreign affairs, Prussia, Hohenzollern.

Опубликовано в Журнал в 2023 году.